Teorija minimalne države u libertarijanističkoj filozofiji Roberta Nozicka

master's thesis

• Title (english): Theory of Minimal State in Robert Nozick's Philosophy of Libertarianism
• Author: Marin Zoričić
• Mentor: Pavo Barišić (mentor)
• Committee member: Sandro Skansi (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Kardum (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Pavo Barišić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Croatian Studies; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-29, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Philosophy

Abstract

Profesor na harvardskom svečilištu, Robert Nozick (1938-2002) najpoznatiji je
predstavnik političkog libertarijanizma. U djelu Anarhija, država i utopija, u kojem je
primjetan utjecaj ekonomske teorije Miltona Friedmana i čikaške škole, Nozick se predstavlja
kao branilac minimalne države; od države zadržava samo bitna svojstva, i nastoji pokazati da
nije opravdano nikakvo širenje vlasti države preko njezine uloge zaštitnika od sile, krađe,
prevare, ili uloge jamca ugovora. Teorija minimalne države, koja za sebe smatra da obnavlja
političku filozofiju prosvjetiteljstva, naročito Lockeovu, izvedena je iz nepovredivih prava
koja proistječu iz individualne slobode.
Propitkujući razloge postojanja države (zašto ne odsustvo države?) Nozick prikazuje
njezin nastanak kao udruživanje dobro shvaćenih interesa kako bi se otklonile loše strane
prirodnog stanja. Najosnovnija društva za uzajamnu zaštitu, zaštitnička udruženja, zatim
subliminalna država (koja ne preuzima na sebe neposrednu zaštitu pojedinaca) dovode na
kraju do minimalne države, koja osigurava zaštitu svih, kao i izvjesnu preraspodjelu
bogatstva, utoliko što prisiljava jedne da financiraju zaštitu drugih. Ali ta preraspodjela ne ide
dalje od toga.
Cilj je ovoga diplomskoga rada, s jedne strane kritički prikazati libertarijanističku
teoriju minimalne države američkog filozofa Roberta Nozicka u kojoj naglašava radikalno
individualistički koncept prava pojedinaca te odbacuje anarhističke teze o tome da postojanje
države u bilo kojem obliku nije opravdano. S druge strane, diplomski rad sadržavati će i
glavne odrednice „Teorije pravednosti“ američkog filozofa Johna Rawlsa kojeg Robert
Nozick kritizira i ističe kako njegova teorija ima snažne egalitarističke momente.

Abstract (english)

Harvard professor Robert Nozick (1938-2002) is the most famous representative of
political libertarianism. In his book Anarchy, State and Utopia, which is affected by economic
theory of Milton Friedman and Chicago school of economics, Nozick declared himself as a
defender of a minimal state; from state he retains only essential properties and tries to show
that is not justified expansion of the state power through its role as a protector of force, theft,
fraud and guarantor of the contract. Theory of minimal state considers itself as a restore of a
political philosophy of enlightenment, especially Locke's, and it is derived from inviolable
rights – arisen from individual liberty.
Questioning the reasons of formation of the state (why not absence of the state)
Nozick shows its origin as a pooling well-understood interests to avoid shortcomings of
naturalstate. The most basic associations for mutual protection, protective associations, then
subliminal state (which does not take over direct protection of individuals) eventually lead to
a minimal state, which ensures the protection of all, as well as a certain redistribution of
wealth, insofar as it forces one to finance the protection of the other. But that distribution goes
no further than that.
The aim of this thesis is, on to one hand, to critically present the libertarian theory of
the minimal state of the American philosopher Robert Nozick in which he emphasises the
radical individualistic concept of the rights of the individuals and rejects anarchist theses that
the existence of the state in any form is not justified. On the other hand, the thesis will contain
the main determinants of the Theory of Justice of the American philosopher John Rawls,
whom Robert Nozick criticises and points out that his theory has strong egalitarian moments.

• Keywords: Libertarijanizam; anarhizam; minimalna država; prirodno stanje; racionalnost
• Keywords (english): libertarianism; anarchy; minimal state; natural state; rationality
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:111:712118
• Study programme: Title: Department of Philosophy; specializations in: scientific, teaching; Course: teaching; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacije filozofije (magistar/magistra edukacije filozofije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-10-11 07:11:39