Utjecaj perinatalne hipoksije na razvoj mozga, te dugoročne posljedice na ponašanje, emocije i kogniciju

master's thesis

• Title (english): Role of perinatal hypoxia in brain development and longterm behavioural, emotional and cognitive outcome
• Author: Lucija Matanović
• Mentor: Sanja Darmopil (mentor)
• Committee member: Jasminka Despot Lučanin (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dunja Jurić Vukelić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Darmopil (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Croatian Studies; (Department of Psychology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-21, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: SOCIAL SCIENCES; Psychology

Abstract

Perinatalna hipoksija pojam je koji označava razdoblje prije, tokom i nakon poroda u kojem je
fetus odnosno dijete izloženo smanjenoj količini kisika u stanicama i tkivima uslijed koje može
doći do ozbiljnih kasnijih oštećenja mozga u razvoju. Cilj ovog rada je sistemski prikazati uzroke
i posljedice ozljede mozga nastale uslijed hipoksije, te dugoročne promjene u ponašanju,
emocijama i kogniciji pojedinaca koji su u ranom životnom razdoblju bili izloženi ovakvoj ozljedi.
Ovaj pregledni rad nastojao je objediniti sve recentne humane studije u području istraživanja
hipoksije i njoj sličnih ozljeda, poput ishemije, pregledom svih izvornih znanstvenih i preglednih
radova iz područja biološke psihologije, neurobiologije i srodnih grana, poput medicine, na
platformama PubMed i APA PsycNet baze podataka, kao i na platformi Google znalac. Pregledom
studija utvrđene su značajne posljedice na kasniji razvoj pojedinca u bihevioralnom,
emocionalnom i kognitivnom području. Kod pojedinaca s poremećajima iz spektra autizma kao i
s dijagnosticiranim poremećajem pažnje s hiperaktivnošću uočena je pojava hipoksije u ranom
djetinjstvu. Nadalje, pojedinci koji su doživjeli hipoksično – ishemičnu ozljedu mozga kasnije su
postizali lošije rezultate na testovima koji mjere opće intelektualne sposobnosti, u odnosu na
skupinu vršnjaka koji nisu doživjeli takvu ozljedu. Djeca koja su doživjela hipoksično – ishemičnu
ozljedu mozga pokazala su probleme u emocionalnoj regulaciji i ponašanju kasnije u djetinjstvu
kroz negativizam i otpor te probleme u prepoznavanju emocija kroz facijalne ekspresije i glas s
obzirom na njihove vršnjake koji nisu doživjeli ozljedu mozga. Postoje istraživanja koja ukazuju
na spolne razlike u prevalenciji hipoksične ozljede, međutim potrebno je provesti veći broj
istraživanja s valjanim uzorkom kako bi donošenje ovakvih zaključaka bilo što validnije. Sve
navedeno može poslužiti kao dobra osnova za izgradnju adekvatnog istraživačkog modela u ovom
području, kao i razvitak strategije za sprečavanje nastanka ovakve ozljede i osmišljavanje valjane
terapijske strategije u budućnosti.

Abstract (english)

Perinatal hypoxia is a term that refers to the period before, during and after childbirth in which the
fetus or child is exposed to a reduced amount of oxygen in the cells and tissues, which can later
lead to serious brain damage in development. The aim of this paper is to systematically present the
causes and consequences of brain injury caused by hypoxia, and long-term changes in behavior,
emotions and cognition of individuals who were exposed to such an injury in early life. This review
paper seeks to bring together all recent human studies in the field of hypoxia and related injuries,
such as ischemia, by reviewing all original scientific and review papers in biological psychology,
neurobiology and related fields, such as medicine, on PubMed and APA PsycNet databases, as well
as on the Google Scholar platform. A review of the studies identified significant implications for
the later development of the individual in the behavioral, emotional, and cognitive areas. Hypoxia
in early childhood has been observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorders as well as
those diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Furthermore, individuals who
experienced hypoxic - ischemic brain injury later performed worse on tests measuring general
intellectual ability, compared to a group of peers who did not experience such injury. Children
who experienced hypoxic - ischemic brain injury showed problems in emotional regulation and
behavior later in childhood through negativism and resistance, and problems in recognizing
emotions through facial expressions and voice with respect to their peers who did not experience
brain injury. There are studies that indicate gender differences in the prevalence of hypoxic injury,
however, more research with a valid sample is needed to make such conclusions as valid as
possible. All of the above can serve as a good basis for building an adequate research model in this
area, as well as the development of a strategy to prevent the occurrence of such an injury and
devise a valid therapeutic strategy in the future.

• Keywords: Perinatalna hipoksija; kognitivne sposobnosti; razvoj mozga; autizam; emocije; ponašanje
• Keywords (english): Perinatal hypoxia; cognitive ability; brain development; autism; emotions; behavior
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:111:877015
• Study programme: Title: Department of Psychology; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra psihologije (magistar/magistra psihologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-10-15 07:04:17