| Abstract | Tijekom pandemije koronavirusa u 2020. godini, policijski službenici evidentirali su
povećanje u slučajevima obiteljskog nasilja u Republici Hrvatskoj (Ministarstvo unutarnjih
poslova, 2020), što upućuje na važnost istraživanja ove problematike. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio
je opisati socio-demografski profil korisnica sigurnih kuća u terminima obiteljskog nasilja te
utvrditi odrednice psihičkog i tjelesnog zdravlja te zadovoljstva općom kvalitetom života. U
istraživanju su sudjelovale 43 žene žrtve partnerskog nasilja (Mdob=36,51, SD=10,80), korisnice
sigurnih kuća u Republici Hrvatskoj. Podaci su prikupljeni online upitnikom u suradnji sa
zaposlenicama sigurnih kuća. Online upitnik, uz socio-demografska pitanja sadržavao je World
Health Organisation quality of life questionnaire – BREEF (WHOQOL Group, 1998), WHO
procjenu pretrpljenog nasilja (WHO, 2005), Rosenbergovu skalu samopoštovanja (Rosenberg,
1965), Kratku skalu otpornosti (Smith i sur., 2008) i Skalu socijalne podrške (Macdonald,
1998). Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da žrtve obiteljskog nasilja najčešće pripadaju dobnoj
skupini od 31 do 35 godina te imaju dvoje djece. Najviši stupanj završenog obrazovanja kod
većine sudionica je srednja škola te su većinom nezaposlene. Od strane partnera sudinice su u
pravilu doživjele više oblika psihičkog, tjelesnog i seksualnog nasilja, što je najveći broj osobno
prijavio policiji. Pearsonovim koeficijentom korelacije utvrđena je pozitivna povezanost
zadovoljstva općom kvalitetom života, zadovoljstva okolinom, psihološke otpornosti,
samopoštovanja, socijalnu podrške te psihičkog i tjelesnog zdravlja. Temeljem prediktorskih
varijabli psihološke otpornosti, zadovoljstva okolinom i socijalne podrške objašnjeno je 22,9%
varijance tjelesnog zdravlja, 46,5% varijance psihičkog zdravlja te 26,7% zadovoljstva općom
kvalitetom života. Najvažniji prediktor tjelesnog zdravlja jest psihološka otpornost, dok je u
objašnjavanju psihičkog zdravlja najvažnija varijabla zadovoljstva okolinom. Okolinske
varijable (socijalna podrška i zadovoljstvo okolinom) važnije su u objašnjavanju zadovoljstva
općom kvalitetom života. Dobiveni rezultati doprinose boljem razumijevanju različitih
obilježja korisnica sigurnih kuća, njihovog iskustva s različitim oblicima nasilja i činitelja koji
doprinose kvaliteti njihova života. S praktičnog aspekta, rezultati se mogu upotrijebiti pri
kreiranju specifičnih programa i intervencija namijenjih povećanju kvalitete života korisnica
sigurnih kuća. |
| Abstract (english) | During the coronavirus pandemic in 2020, police officers recorded an increase in cases
of domestic violence in the Republic of Croatia, which emphasizes the importance of research
on this issue. The objective of this study was to describe the socio-demographic profile of
women who are safe house users in terms of domestic violence and to ascertain the determinants
of mental and physical health along with satisfaction with the general quality of life. The study
involved 43 female victims of intimate partner violence (Mage=36,51, SD=10,80). All
participants temporary lived in safe houses in the Republic of Croatia. Data was collected
through an online questionnaire in collaboration with safe house employees. The online
questionnaire, along with socio-demographic questions, included the World Health
Organisation quality of life questionnaire – BREEF (WHOQOL Group, 1998), the WHO
Operational definitions of violence (WHO, 2005), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale
(Rosenberg, 1965), The Brief Resilience Scale (Smith i sur., 2008,) and the Social Support Scale
(Macdonald, 1998). The results show that most of the women victims of domestic violence
belong to the 31 to 35 age group and have two children. Their highest level of education is
commonly high school and they are mostly unemployed. Typically, women who participated
in the study experienced several forms of psychological, physical, and sexual violence from
their partner, which, in most cases, they have personally reported to the police. Pearson's
correlation coefficient established a positive correlation between satisfaction with general
quality of life, satisfaction with the environment, psychological resilience, self-esteem, social
support, and mental and physical health. The predictor variables of psychological resilience,
environmental satisfaction and social support explained 22.9% of physical health variance,
46.5% of the mental health variance and 26.7% of the satisfaction with the general quality of
life variance. The most important predictor of physical health is psychological resilience, while
environmental satisfaction is the most important variable in explaining mental health.
Environmental variables (social support and environmental satisfaction) are more important in
explaining satisfaction with general quality of life. The obtained results enable a better
understanding of the characteristics of the users of safe houses, their experience with various
forms of violence and the determinants that contribute to their quality of life. This alows the
creation of services that help meet their needs and increase their quality of life. |
