Normativne etičke teorije u filozofiji igre i igranja - slučaj videoigara

master's thesis

• Title (english): Normative Ethical Theories in the Philosophy of Games and Play - the Case of Video Games
• Author: Petra Paklan
• Mentor: Matija Mato Škerbić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivo Džinić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Greguric (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Matija Mato Škerbić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Croatian Studies; (Department of Philosophy and Cultural Studies); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: HUMANISTIC SCIENCES; Philosophy

Abstract

Cilj ovog rada je iz perspektive filozofije igre i igranja kritički razmotriti, kako same videoigre, tako i igranje videoigara, kroz prizme četiri normativne etičke teorije: etike vrlina, deontološke, konzekvencijalističke, te kontraktarijanske etike. Etika vrlina naglasak stavlja na stjecanje vrlina, fokus deontološke etike je na dužnostima i motivima djelovanja, konzekvencijalistička etika promatra posljedice nekog djelovanja, a kontraktarijanska etika kao temelj moralnih normi smatra ideju društvenog ugovora. U kontekstu filozofije igre i igranja kao relativno novog polja filozofije, obrađuju se teorije Johana Huizinge, Eugena Finka, Ludwiga Wittgensteina, Bernarda H. Suitsa, te C. Thi Nguyena. Huizinga igru smatra djelatnošću iz koje je nastala i razvila se cjelokupna kultura, Fink igru proučava kao takozvanu „smirenu sadašnjost“, za Suitsa je igra autotelična aktivnost, Wittgenstein igru proučava u domeni jezika i u formi jezičnih igara, a Nguyen je okarakterizirao igru kao vrstu umjetnosti koja se očituje u načinima raspolaganja čovjeka njegovim djelatnim resursima. Normativne etičke teorije i teorije igre i igranja spomenutih autora u radu se koriste kao teorijska osnova za kritičku analizu izdvojenih etičkih problema videoigara: (ne)moralne odluke igrača videoigara, moralne dileme u videoigrama od kojih se posebno ističe eutanazija, seksualizacija i objektivizacija ženskih likova u videoigrama, te odnos među igračima videoigara. Igrajući videoigru, igrač djeluje u skladu s aretaičkim, deontološkim, konzekvencijalističkim ili kontraktarijanskim principima. Videoigre kao suvremeni oblik igre i interaktivna forma umjetnosti igraču kroz moralnu refleksiju omogućuju bogato moralno iskustvo.

Abstract (english)

The goal of this paper is to critically consider both video games themselves and playing video games from the perspective of the philosophy of games and play, trough the prism of four normative ethical theories: virtue ethics, deontological ethics, consequentialist ethics, and contractarian ethics. Virtue ethics emphasizes the acquisition of virtues, deontological ethics focuses on duties and motives of action, consequentalist ethics observes the consequences of an action, and contractarian ethics considers the idea of a social contract as the basis of moral norms. In the context of the philosophy of play and playing as a relatively new field of philosophy, the theories of Johan Huizinga, Eugen Fink, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Bernard H. Suits and C. Thi Nguyen are discussed. Huizinga considers game as an activity from which the entire culture arose and developed, Fink studies game as the so-called, „calm present“, for Suits game is an autotelic activity, Wittgenstein studies games in the domain of language and in the form of language games, and Nguyen characterised play as a type of art that manifests itself in the ways of man's disposal of his human agency. Normative ethical theories and theories of games and play by the mentioned authors are used in this thesis as a theoretical basis for a critical analysis of selected ethical problems of video games: (im)moral decisions of video game players, moral dilemmas in video games, of which euthanasia stands out, sexualisation and objectification of women characters in video games, and the relationship between video game players. By playing a video game, the player acts according to aretaic, deontological, consequentialist or contractarian principles. Video games as a modern form of game and an interactive form of art, provide the player with a rich moral experince trough moral reflection.

• Keywords: normativne etičke teorije; filozofija igre i igranja; videoigre; etički problemi
• Keywords (english): normative ethical theories; philosophy of games and play; video game; ethical problems
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:111:912375
• Study programme: Title: Department of Philosophy; specializations in: scientific, teaching; Course: scientific; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra filozofije (magistar/magistra filozofije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-09-20 10:43:08